NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide - ENADA) Fact Sheet & Scientific Data
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NADH is the reduced form of NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), a coenzyme necessary to dehydrogenate primary and secondary alcohols. In dehydrogenation, NAD acts as a hydrogen acceptor, forming NADH. NADH in turn, serves as a hydrogen donor in the respiratory chain. NADH is an essential intermediate in the cellular processes that generate energy from glucose in the form of ATP.

NADH and Energy Production

NADH is one of the most important coenzymes found throughout the body. A coenzyme is the active or working form of a vitamin that is essential to metabolism. NADH is involved in three energy production cycles, and is needed to oxidize (burn) all foods including carbohydrate, fats, and amino acids to produce ATP energy, which is used by every cell in the body. NADH supplies cells with energy, so the more NADH a cell can use, the more energy the cell can produce.

NADH and Mood Enhancement

NADH enhances mood due to its important role in the development of dopamine and serotonin. Dopamine and serotonin are two neurotransmitters in the brain that send electrical messages through and across the brain in healthy individuals. Healthy levels of serotonin and dopamine support balanced mood levels.

An important element in producing serotonin is the amino acid L-tryptophan. L-tryptophan is required to make serotonin in the body, but is also used in the production of NADH. The sharing of L-tryptophan in each of these processes may lead to a deficiency of serotonin or NADH. Supplementing the diet with NADH may reduce the amounts of L-tryptophan used by the body for NADH production, thereby leaving more L-tryptophan for making serotonin. More balanced levels of serotonin promote mood enhancement, and an increased sense of well-being.

NADH Boosts ATP in Muscle Cells
In a new study published in the British Journal of Pharmacology (2003, 139, 749-754) researchers investigated the effect of NADH supplementation on the metabolic condition of isolated heart muscle cells in guinea-pigs, and measured the concentration of ATP. The research showed supplementation of heart cells with 300 micrograms of NADH resulted in a significant increase of intracellular ATP in comparison to control cells. The data showed NADH also increased the metabolic state of the isolated heart muscle cells and confirmed enhanced mitochondrial ATP production. The researchers concluded, “NADH supplementation could be a useful...tool producing beneficial effects upon cell metabolism of [heart muscle cells] and other high-energy-demanding cells.”
Georgetown Medical Center Study Shows Positive Results with NADH*
Results of an FDA approved study conducted at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, D.C., indicate that NADH may be a valuable way to promote increased energy.

In a double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial, twenty-three patients were enrolled in 4, 8, and 12 week programs. Subjects were randomly assigned 10mg of NADH or placebo for a 4-week period. This was followed by a 4-week wash-out period where subjects gradually received a less potent dose of NADH until they were completely free of NADH. The wash-out period was then followed by another 4-week session in which subjects were crossed over to the alternate treatment program.

The results showed 6 of 23 (26%) of patients responded to the NADH, and showed a marked improvement in physical, psychological, and neurocognitive measures. Significantly, 8 of 11 (73%) study patients enrolled in a longer, open label follow-up study, showed significant improvement in energy levels. NADH was also shown to have a good safety record, with none of the subjects experiencing any significant adverse effects.

(Source: Forsyth LM, Preuss HG, MacDowell AL, et al. “Therapeutic effects of oral NADH on the symptoms of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.” Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. 1999;82:185-191.)

Research Shows NADH Improves Cognitive Performance Following Sleep Deprivation*
Researchers in the Sleep-Wake Disorders Center at the New York Weil Cornell Medical Center, tested the ability of oral stabilized NADH (ENADAlert) to improve alertness, mood, and performance on cognitive (thinking) tasks in 25 healthy middle-aged adults after one night of total sleep deprivation.

In this double-blind crossover study, subjects performed significantly better on measures of cognitive performance following one night of total sleep deprivation when they received the NADH supplement compared to placebo. In particular, overall performance efficiency (number of correct answers per minute) measured one hour after consuming 20mg of sublingual NADH was significantly higher than after placebo. Self-reported alertness, sleepiness (both self-reported and objectively quantified), and mood, did not differ when the subjects consumed NADH or placebo.

(Source: Moline ML, Rebeta JL, Flye BL, Zendell SM, Broch L, Ford T, Zak R, Kay GG. Effectiveness of NADH in Alleviating Effects of Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults. Abstract presented and published in the proceedings of The First International Conference on Mechanisms of Action of Nutraceuticals, Octorber 2001.)

NADH Supports Athletic Performance
Research conducted on competitive athletes indicates NADH enhances energy capacity. Researchers measured reaction times, physical performance and performance quality in 17 competitive cyclists and long distance runners. Performance was measured with a bicycle ergometer, and performance quality was determined by measurements of continuous attention.

These tests were taken both before and after the athletes took 5mg of NADH before breakfast each morning for four weeks. After four weeks of NADH supplementation, most athletes experienced significantly less scattering of reaction times—it dropped by 10% in five athletes, 10 to 20% in eight athletes, and more than 20% in three athletes. Reaction time overall improved considerably in 16 out of the 17 subjects. Compared to baseline measurements, physical performance also improved. Two subjects improved their maximum work performance by more than 10% with another 7 showing increases of up to 10%. Similar improvements were made in maximum oxygen uptake.

Based on these results, the researchers concluded stimulation of cellular ATP production by NADH enhanced athletic performance.

(Birkmayer, J.G.D., Vank, P. “Reduced coenzyme 1 (NADH) improves pyschomotoric and physical performance in athletes.” White Paper Report, New York Menuco Corp., 1996.

How to Make NADH work for You
Fast Energy Enhancement
In the application of NADH for fast and effective energy enhancement, take four tablets (20mg NADH) per day to achieve more rapid positive results.
General Nutritional and Energy
Age: 10-40 Take:One 5mg tablet 30 minutes before breakfast

Age:40-60 Take: Two 5mg tablets 30 minutes before breakfast

Age:60+ Take: Two 5mg tablets 30 minutes before breakfast & one tablet 30 minutes before lunch

Height and body weight do have an influence on the distribution of NADH and the daily dosage. Consult your healthcare professional for guidance on alternative dosage.

Because NADH disintegrates rapidly without proper stabilization, which makes it ineffective, stabilization of the compound is crucial. Stabilization makes NADH bioavailable to cells. Enada NADH is the only stabilized, patented form of NADH available. Each tablet is also enteric coated, ensuring that the NADH passes through the stomach and into the intestines for maximum absorption and potency.

NADH Safety
NADH has shown to be a safe supplement with only mild potential side effects. These side effects include nervousness and loss of appetite in the first few days after beginning NADH supplementation. No serious side effects have been documented with up to one year of use. Long-term supplementation has not yet been evaluated.

Important note: Malic Acid will inhibit NADH efficacy as it will damage and break down the NADH enzyme in the stomach. Do not take any supplement containing Malic Acid at the same time you take NADH tablets.

RESEARCH STUDIES

The results showed 8 of 26 (31%) of patients responded to NADH, and showed a marked improvement in physical, psychological, and neurocognitive measures in contrast to 2 of 26 (8%) to placebo. Significantly, 18 of 25 (73%) of the study patients who enrolled in a longer, open label follow-up study, showed significant improvement in clinical symptomatology and energy levels. NADH was also shown to have a good safety record, with none of the subjects experiencing any significant adverse effects.

In another study conducted at the Sleep-Wake Disorders Center at the New York Weil Cornell Medical Center(2), researchers tested the ability of oral stabilized NADH to improve alertness, mood, and performance on cognitive tasks in 25 healthy middle-aged adults after one night of total sleep deprivation.

In this double-blind crossover study, subjects performed significantly better on measures of cognitive performance following one night of total sleep deprivation when they received the NADH supplement compared to placebo. In particular, overall performance efficiency (number of correct answers per minute) measured one hour after consuming 20mg of sublingual NADH was significantly higher than after placebo. Self-reported alertness, sleepiness (both self-reported and objectively quantified), and mood, did not differ when the subjects consumed NADH or placebo.

ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Side effects may include nervousness and loss of appetite in the first few days after beginning NADH supplementation. No serious side effects have been documented with up to one year of use. Long-term supplementation has not yet been evaluated.

RECOMMENDED USE:
Take one tablet each morning on an empty stomach, 30 minutes before eating, with water only. If you miss a day, do not double your dosage!

STORAGE:
Store in a cool dry place.

REFERENCES:
1. Forsyth LM, Preuss HG, MacDowell AL, et al. “Therapeutic effects of oral NADH on the symptoms of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.” Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. 1999;82:185-191.
2. Moline ML, Rebeta JL, Flye BL, Zendell SM, Broch L, Ford T, Zak R, Kay GG. “Effectiveness of NADH in Alleviating Effects of Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults.” Abstract presented and published in the proceedings of The First International Conference on Mechanisms of Action of Nutraceuticals, Octorber 2001.

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